The earliest surviving illustrated manuscript version of the Physiologus. Digital facsimile of the codex from e-codices.unifr.ch at this link.

This 9th century codex, from the Rheims scriptorium, was first published in print as: Physiologus Bernensis: Voll-Faksimile-Ausgabe des Codex Bongarsianus 318 der Burgerbibliothek Bern. Wissenschaftliche Kommentar von Christoph von Steiger und Otto Homburger. Basel: Alkuin-Verlag, 1964

The first book on dentistry, probably intended for the general public. The unidentified writer confined himself to extracts from the works of ancient and recent writers on the subject. The woodcut on the title page was the first known printed representation of a tooth extraction taking place in a dentist's office. The book underwent 11 editions in 45 years. Reproduced in facsimile, Berlin, Meusser, 1921.

The first separate publication on diseases of the eye after Grassi (1474). This very rare anonymous work was intended, according to its title, to provide highly useful knowledge of the anatomy of the eye, and eye diseases and their various remedies. After two pages on anatomy, discussion of affections of the eye begin, with references to cataract, affections of the cornea, conjunctiva, pruritus, clearing the sight, etc. 

The earliest public document in the vernacular containing legislation governing midwives. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

The first Western book on Chinese medicine, with a few brief comments on Japanese methods. This anonymous collection of translations of early Chinese texts on pulse medicine has been variously attributed to different Jesuits working in China at the time. Digital facsimile from Google Books at this link.

Authorship of this early English account of Servetus and his martyrdom for heresy has never been determined, according to Geoffrey Sill, "The authorship of An impartial history of Michael Servetus," Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, 87, 303-318. Sill indicates that a very few copies of this work exist with the title page dated 1723. Digital facsimile from wellcomecollection.org at this link.

The first medical book printed in California, a small 23-page pamphlet of folk or popular medicine. It was printed by Agustín V. Zamorano, the first printer in Alta California under Mexican rule before the region became part of the United States. Facsimile reproduction and partial translation in Robert J. Moes, The Zamorano press and the Botica: California's first medical book (Los Angeles: The Zamorano Club, 1988).

Digital facsimile from the Hathi Trust at this link.

A relatively brief anonymous account of the first century of activity the medical publisher, Blakiston.

This 15th century manuscript (British Library Sloan 2463) predates by about a century The byrth of mankynde, previously considered the first work on the subject.

First published 1979, with a very informative introduction and notes. The paperback edition (2009) contains an extensive supplementary note discussing scholarship relating to Physiologus since 1979.

Greek text with facing French translation of 130 problems (some in the way of Hippocratic medicine and others not) compiled by an anonymous Christian author from the Byzantine period, 7th to 10th/11th century.