“Aran–Duchenne disease”, progressive muscular atrophy, with which the name of Cruveilhier is also associated. A fuller account is included in Duchenne’s Électrisation localisée, 1861, 437-547.

Duchenne classified the electrophysiology of the entire muscular system and summed up his findings in the above work. The application of his results to pathological conditions marks him as the founder of electrotherapy. An Album de photographies pathologiques was published in 1862 to accompany the text of the second edition, 1861. Engl, trans. of 3rd ed., Philadelphia, 1871. See Nos. 1993 & 4543.

Duchenne, most famous of the electrotherapists, employed faradic current in treating patients as early as 1830. An English translation of the third edition of his book appeared in 1871.

Although far from being the first to describe tabes dorsalis, Duchenne gave a classic account of the condition, earning the eponym “Duchenne’s disease”.

First description of chronic progressive bulbar paralysis (“Duchenne’s paralysis”).

Duchenne studied the mechanism of facial expression during emotion; his atlas of photographs was the first medical book illustrated with photographs of living subjects. Darwin reproduced a number of his photographs in The expression of the emotions (No. 4975).

A monumental work, the result of twenty years’ study of electro-muscular stimulation “to determine the proper action which the muscles possess in life”. The book contains an excellent record of the kinesiology of the entire muscular system. English translation by E. B. Kaplan, Phila-delphia, 1949.

“Duchenne muscular dystrophy”. English translation of first portion in Bick, Classics of orthopaedics, 72-75.

Early description, page 357, of partial brachial plexus paralysis, upper type (“Duchenne-Erb palsy”: see No. 4548). An English translation of the 3rd ed., by H. Tibbitts, actually appeared London in 1871, one year before the French edition, and a Philadelphia publisher also issued the English sheets with a cancel title page in 1871. The translator stated that he prepared the translation from sheets of the 3rd edition, the publication of which was delayed by the German occupation of Paris.