The fourth cardinal sign in exophthalmic goitre – tremor – was first mentioned by Pierre Marie.

First description of the peroneal form of muscular atrophy, the so-called Charcot–Marie–Tooth type.

In this, the first complete clinical description of the condition, Marie suggested the name “acromegaly”. The paper excited much interest and was translated into English and published by the New Sydenham Society, 1891.

Original description of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, sometimes called “Bamberger–Marie disease”.

Original description of hereditary cerebellar ataxia.

Marie disbelieved in the Aran–Duchenne type of muscular progressive atrophy.

Marie described as “spondylose rhizomélique” the ankylosing spondylitis or spondylitis deformans originally reported by Strümpell and called variously “Strümpell’s disease”, “Bechterev’s disease”, “Marie’s disease”.

In their important description of cleido-cranial dysostosis, Marie and Sainton gave to it its present name. It was first described by Morand (No. 4302.1) in 1760. English translation in Bick, Classics of orthopaedics, 230-32.

Marie disputed Broca’s claim that the third left frontal convolution of the brain is the speech center. He classified aphasia into three groups: anarthria (defects of articulation), Broca’s (motor) aphasia, and Wernicke’s (sensory) aphasia.

See Pierre Marie's Papers on Speech Disorders. Compiled and Translated by Merritt Frindel Cole and Monroe Cole.  New York: Hafner, 1971.

(Thanks to Malcolm Jay Kottler for the reference to the English translation.)